'Alien' matter from beyond solar system discovered by NASA

This so-called interstellar material was spotted by NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer, a spacecraft that is studying the edge of the solar system from its orbit about 200,000 miles above Earth.

For the very first time, a NASA spacecraft has detected matter from outside our solar system ? material that came from elsewhere in the galaxy, researchers announced today (Jan. 31).

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This so-called interstellar material was spotted by NASA's?Interstellar Boundary Explorer?(IBEX), a spacecraft that is studying the edge of the solar system from its orbit about 200,000 miles (322,000 kilometers) above Earth.

"This alien interstellar material is really the stuff that stars and planets and people are made of ? it's really important to be measuring it," David McComas, IBEX principal investigator and assistant vice president of the Space Science and Engineering Division at Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, said in a news briefing today from NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C.

An international team of scientists presented new findings from IBEX, which included the first detection of alien particles of hydrogen, oxygen and neon, in addition to the confirmation of previously detected helium. [Images from NASA's IBEX Mission]

These atoms are remnants of older stars that have ended their lives in violent explosions, called supernovas, which dispersed the elements throughout the galaxy. As interstellar wind blows these charged and neutral particles through the Milky Way, the IBEX probe is able to create a census of the elements that are present.

Heavy elements in space

According to the new study, the researchers found 74 oxygen atoms for every 20 neon atoms in the?interstellar wind. For comparison, there are 111 oxygen atoms for every 20 neon atoms in our solar system, meaning there are more oxygen atoms in any part of the solar system than in nearby interstellar space, the scientists said in a statement.

"These are important elements to know quantitatively because they are the building blocks of stars, planets, people," McComas said. "We discovered this puzzle:?matter outside our solar system?doesn't look like material inside our solar system. It seems to be deficient in oxygen compared to neon."

The presence of less oxygen within interstellar material could indicate that the sun formed in a region with less oxygen compared to its current location, the researchers said.

Or, it could be a sign that oxygen is "locked up" in other galactic materials, such as cosmic grains of dust or ice. [Top 10 Strangest Things in Space]

"That leaves us with a puzzle for now: could it be that some of that oxygen, which is so crucial for life on Earth, is locked up in the cosmic dust?" asked Eberhard M?bius, a professor at the University of New Hampshire and a visiting professor at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. "Or, does it tell us how different our neighborhood is compared to the sun's birthplace?"

IBEX also measured the interstellar wind traveling at a slower speed and from a different direction than was previously thought. The research now shows that the interstellar wind exerts 20 percent less pressure on our heliosphere, which is a protective?bubble that shields our solar system?from powerful, damaging cosmic rays.

"Measuring the pressure on our heliosphere from the material in the galaxy and from the magnetic fields out there will help determine the size and shape of our solar system as it travels through the galaxy," Eric Christian, IBEX mission scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., said in a statement.

A history of the universe

The results of the new study will also help scientists shed light on the history of the material in the universe.

"It tells us things about the part of space that we live in, and the interaction with that part of space with the rest of the galaxy," McComas said.

The observations from IBEX and the ability to determine the ratio of elements in space could help scientists understand?how the galaxy has evolved?and changed over time.

"I find it really exciting that right on our front doorstep, we can take a sample of this interstellar matter around us," M?bius said. "If you think back all the way to the Big Bang, there was only hydrogen and helium. Then stars and supernovas sprinkled it with heavy elements ? if you imagine that we are made out of the material that has been belched out of the supernovas, and it is continuing. So, 4.5 billion years ago, the sun formed out of the solar nebula, and now we are sampling part of the Milky Way as it is today. It gives us nice data points ??Big Bang and the sun's formation?to what is our environment. Then modelers can go and trace how that material has evolved over time in the cosmos." ??

The findings are detailed in a series of papers that were published today in the Astrophysical Journal.

NASA launched the IBEX mission in October 2008 to map the boundary between the solar system and interstellar space. The $169 million spacecraft was originally built for a two-year mission.

IBEX measures and counts particles called energetic neutral atoms, which are created in an area of our solar system known as the interstellar boundary region. Since its launch, the spacecraft has already made groundbreaking?discoveries about the heliosphere?and the boundary between our solar system and interstellar space.

In 2009, IBEX detected a mysterious ribbon on the edge of the solar system made up of a stream of charged particles that travels a million miles per hour from the sun. In 2010, researchers announced that IBEX had witnessed the first-ever look at solar wind crashing into Earth's magnetosphere.

You can follow SPACE.com staff writer Denise Chow on Twitter?@denisechow. Follow SPACE.com for the latest in space science and exploration news on Twitter?@Spacedotcom?and on?Facebook.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/0GYbhD6DyeA/Alien-matter-from-beyond-solar-system-discovered-by-NASA

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Sony Finally Enters Smartphone Market

LAS VEGAS (CNN) -- Now that the company has a phone, Sony can finally answer opportunity's calls.The Japanese tech company's latest revival efforts are partly hinged on selling customers every type of gadget, all seamlessly integrated. But without a cellular phone division to call its own until recently, Sony was missing the one electronics product that people tend to carry with them most often.Now, a newly acquired division called Sony Mobile Communications is tasked with building smartphones that align with its parent company's strategies and plays well with other types of Sony gadgets.Phones are not only central to how people stay connected. They can also link disparate devices together, by synchronizing over the Internet or acting as a remote control.Sony's Music Unlimited and Video Unlimited services, which offer streaming music and video downloads, are expected to find their way into every Internet-connected gizmo Sony makes, executives said. The PlayStation Network will let users play the same games on their phones and tablets, they said. All of these services will be part of Sony Network, and users will only need to remember one login name and password.Sony Mobile developers are working on a feature that will let people flick a video on their Sony phone's screen to be played instantly on a Sony television set, Sony Mobile head Bert Nordberg said in an interview. This ability is already built into Sony's Tablet S, which, like Sony's phones, runs Google's Android operating system. 'The same elements' as Apple Sony engineers companywide will be required to work with the new Integrated UX Group, Kazuo Hirai, Sony's executive deputy president, said at a meeting with reporters last week. (UX is an abbreviation for "user experience," meaning how people interact with the products.)Sony Mobile contributed some engineers to the group, Nordberg said."I think this is crucial," he said of the integration group.The new committee appears to strive for the way Apple runs its businesses. It's not unusual for Apple engineers to work on phone software and then shift to the tablet and then to the Mac. Steve Jobs, the late Apple co-founder, described his company as the world's largest start-up."We have the same elements that Steve (Jobs) was talking about," Sony CEO Howard Stringer said at the meeting with Hirai and reporters last week. "We have far more products than anyone else."The new Sony initiative that prompted the company to purchase a phone manufacturer is called "the four-screen strategy." (Sony also has a "lens to the living room" strategy, which describes its offerings of video production and consumption tools. Sony apparently likes for its corporate policies to have cute names.)The four pillars of Sony's attack plan are computers, tablets, televisions and phones. Sony has had the first three. The Japanese company entered the tablet market in September, around the time when many other electronics piled in with hopes to challenge Apple's iPad. The decline of Sony Ericsson Sony's status in phones was complicated. It had a joint venture with Ericsson that had been slowly sinking since the iPhone launched in 2007 and reconfigured the concept of a smartphone.Last year, Sony Ericsson was finally able to build some buzz, especially in the United States, where its market share is practically nonexistent. The Xperia Play was the first PlayStation phone, which had a slide-out controller and let players download classic console games.The Xperia Play didn't turn out to have the impact it promised, and it wasn't a huge hit, despite being available on the two largest U.S. carriers, Verizon Wireless and AT&T.When asked about Sony Ericsson last week, Steve Elfman, Sprint network operations president, said, "I wouldn't consider them a major hardware company."The key opportunity for Sony was when the mobile venture posted yet another dismal financial quarter in October, and Ericsson was finally ready to sell. Less than two weeks later, Sony announced that it was purchasing Ericsson's share in the company.Sony Ericsson is not the only cell phone manufacturer to get scooped up by a technology giant last year. Google announced plans to acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion in August.But it was unusual for an electronics Goliath such as Sony not to be fully invested in the mobile industry. And it was perhaps unrealistic for Sony Ericsson to try to float at arm's length from its parents. Without being a part of a larger entity, the joint venture had little hope, said Nordberg, the Sony Mobile head."My view since I joined 2 1/2 years ago is that it's always been a Sony company," Nordberg said. "It's very hard, I think, to survive as a mobile hardware-only company." 'U.S.-first strategy' After the adoption, Sony Mobile is focusing its efforts on the United States.In other words, it has instituted a "U.S.-first strategy," Nordberg said."The U.S. has taken back the lead in the mobile industry," he said, citing deployment of fourth-generation network technology. "It's the first LTE country."Sony announced last week at the International Consumer Electronics Show that the Xperia Ion will debut first in the United States. AT&T Mobility CEO Ralph de la Vega showed the product at his news conference.Relations between the carrier and Sony have improved greatly, AT&T executive Glenn Lurie said in an interview. "They're making it easier to do business with Sony," Lurie said.However, AT&T spent more time at the CES event talking about competitors' phones, and de la Vega practically hugged Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, who was there to promote Windows phones.The Xperia Ion will be Sony's flagship phone for the time being, but it is still a Sony Ericsson product, Nordberg said, even though it doesn't have Ericsson's name on it. The first true Sony phone is expected to debut later this year, he said."Next year, I'll be up there hugging Ralph," Nordberg said with a laugh.

Copyright CNN 2012

Source: http://www.wdsu.com/money/30233748/detail.html

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Captain's conduct blasted as divers find more dead

An Italian firefighter helicopter airlifts a rescued passenger from the luxury cruise ship Costa Concordia which ran aground off the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. Firefighters worked Sunday to rescue a crew member with a suspected broken leg from the overturned hulk of the luxury cruise liner Costa Concordia, 36 hours after it ran aground. More than 40 people are still unaccounted-for. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

An Italian firefighter helicopter airlifts a rescued passenger from the luxury cruise ship Costa Concordia which ran aground off the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. Firefighters worked Sunday to rescue a crew member with a suspected broken leg from the overturned hulk of the luxury cruise liner Costa Concordia, 36 hours after it ran aground. More than 40 people are still unaccounted-for. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

Italian firefighters' scuba divers approach the luxury cruise ship Costa Concordia which ran aground a day earlier off the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. The incident sent water pouring in through a 160-foot (50-meter) gash in the hull and forced the evacuation of some 4,200 people from the listing vessel early Saturday, the Italian coast guard said. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

Italian firefighters scuba divers approach the cruise ship Costa Concordia leaning on its side, the day after running aground the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. A helicopter on Sunday airlifted a third survivor from the capsized hulk of a luxury cruise ship 36 hours after it ran aground off the Italian coast, as prosecutors confirmed they were investigating the captain for manslaughter charges and abandoning the ship. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

Italian firefighters' scuba divers approach the luxury cruise ship Costa Concordia which ran aground off the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. The Costa Concordia cruise ship ran aground off the coast of Tuscany, sending water pouring in through a 160-foot (50-meter) gash in the hull and forcing the evacuation of some 4,200 people from the listing vessel early Saturday, the Italian coast guard said. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

A passenger from South Korea, top left, disembarks from an Italian Firefighter boat after being rescued from the luxury cruise ship Costa Concordia which ran aground the tiny Tuscan island of Giglio, Italy, Sunday, Jan. 15, 2012. The luxury cruise ship ran aground off the coast of Tuscany, sending water pouring in through a 160-foot (50-meter) gash in the hull and forcing the evacuation of some 4,200 people from the listing vessel early Saturday, the Italian coast guard said. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

GIGLIO, Italy (AP) ? Maritime authorities, passengers and mounting evidence pointed Sunday toward the captain of a cruise liner that ran aground and capsized off the Tuscan coast, amid accusations that he abandoned ship before everyone was safely evacuated and was showing off when he steered the vessel far too close to shore.

Divers searching the murky depths of the partially submerged Costa Concordia found the bodies of two elderly men still in their life jackets, bringing the confirmed death toll to five. At least 15 people were still missing, including two Americans.

The recovered bodies were discovered at an emergency gathering point near the restaurant where many of the 4,200 on board were dining when the luxury liner struck rocks or a reef off the tiny island of Giglio. The Italian news agency ANSA reported the dead were an Italian and a Spaniard.

Still, there were glimmers of hope: The rescue of three survivors ? a young South Korean couple on their honeymoon and a crew member brought to shore in a dramatic airlift some 36 hours after the grounding late Friday.

Meanwhile, attention focused on the captain, who was spotted by Coast Guard officials and passengers fleeing the scene even as the chaotic and terrifying evacuation was under way.

The ship's Italian owner, a subsidiary of Carnival Cruise lines, issued a statement late Sunday saying there appeared to be "significant human error" on the part of the captain, Francesco Schettino, "which resulted in these grave consequences."

Authorities were holding Schettino for suspected manslaughter and a prosecutor confirmed Sunday they were also investigating allegations the captain abandoned the stricken liner before all the passengers had escaped. According to the Italian navigation code, a captain who abandons a ship in danger can face up to 12 years in prison.

A French couple who boarded the Concordia in Marseille, Ophelie Gondelle and David Du Pays, told the Associated Press they saw the captain in a lifeboat, covered by a blanket, well before all the passengers were off the ship.

"The commander left before and was on the dock before everyone was off," said Gondelle, 28, a French military officer.

"Normally the commander should only leave at the end," said Du Pays, a police officer who said he helped an injured passenger to a rescue boat. "I did what I could."

Coast Guard officers later spotted Schettino on land as the evacuation unfolded. The officers urged him to return to his ship and honor his duty to stay aboard until everyone was safely off the vessel, but he ignored them, Coast Guard Cmdr. Francesco Paolillo said.

Schettino insisted he didn't leave the liner early, telling Mediaset television that he had done everything he could to save lives. "We were the last ones to leave the ship," he said.

Questions also swirled about why the ship had navigated so close to the dangerous reefs and rocks that jut off Giglio's eastern coast, amid suspicions the captain may have ventured too close while carrying out a maneuver to entertain tourists on the island.

The ship's owner, Costa Crociere SpA, issued a statement late Sunday saying it was working with investigators to determine "precisely what went wrong aboard the Costa Concordia."

"While the investigation is ongoing, preliminary indications are that there may have been significant human error on the part of the ship's master, Captain Francesco Schettino, which resulted in these grave consequences," the statement said. "The route of the vessel appears to have been too close to the shore, and the captain's judgment in handling the emergency appears to have not followed standard Costa procedures."

Residents of Giglio said they had never seen the Costa come so close to the dangerous "Le Scole" reef area.

"This was too close, too close," said Italo Arienti, a 54-year-old sailor who has worked on the Maregiglio ferry between Giglio and the mainland for more than a decade. Pointing to a nautical map, he drew his finger along the path the ship usually takes and the jarring one close to shore that it followed Friday.

The ship was a mere 150 yards (meters) from shore at the time of the grounding, ANSA quoted Grosseto prosecutor Francesco Verusio as saying.

Schettino insisted he was twice as far out and said the ship ran aground because the rocks weren't marked on his nautical charts.

However, he did concede he was maneuvering the ship in "touristic navigation" ? implying a route that was a deviation from the norm and designed to entertain the tourists.

"We were navigating approximately 300 meters (yards) from the rocks," he told Mediaset television. "There shouldn't have been such a rock. On the nautical chart it indicated that there was water deep below."

Costa captains have occasionally steered the ship near port and sounded the siren in a special salute, Arienti said. Such a nautical "fly-by" was staged last August, prompting the town's mayor to send a note of thanks to the commander for the treat it provided tourists who flock to the island, local news portal GiglioNews.it reported.

But Arienti and other residents said even on those occasions, the cruise ship always stayed far offshore, well beyond the reach of the "Le Scole" reefs.

"Every so often they would do a greeting, but not so close ? far away, safely," said resident Giacomo Dannipale.

Douglas Ward, a cruise expert and author of the 2012 Berlitz guide to cruises, said the waters around Giglio are too shallow for such maneuvers.

Coast Guard Cmdr. Filippo Marini said divers had recovered the so-called "black box," with the recording of the navigational details, from a compartment now under water, though no details were released.

Jorgen Loren, chairman of the Swedish Maritime Officer's Association, said the captain clearly deviated from the ship's intended route.

"It is remarkable because weather conditions were good and these cruise ships have the best and most modern technical equipment. All conditions were ideal," he said.

"These are well-known waters, ferries pass here every day going back and forward to the mainland," he said.

Meanwhile, rescue work continued into the night on the unsubmerged half of the Concordia, said firefighters spokesman Luca Cari. Sniffer dogs were being brought in, although it was unclear if they could adapt to working in an environment where the horizontal became the vertical, due to the 90-degree list of the ship.

Marini, the coast guard captain, held out hope there could still be survivors, perhaps holed up in the section still above water, or that some of the unaccounted passengers simply didn't report their safe arrival on land.

Earlier Sunday, a helicopter airlifted a cabin crew member from the capsized hulk just hours after South Korean honeymooners were rescued from their cabin when firefighters heard their screams.

A relative of the rescued crewman told reporters he had survived two nights in darkness and with his feet in water.

Besides the two dead discovered Sunday, the bodies of three other victims ? two French passengers and a Peruvian crewman ? were pulled out of the sea in the hours after the accident.

Survivors described a terrifying escape that was straight out of a scene from "Titanic." Many complained the crew didn't give them good directions on how to evacuate and once the emergency became clear, delayed lowering the lifeboats until the ship was listing too heavily for all to be released.

"We were left to ourselves," pregnant French passenger Isabelle Mougin, who injured her ankle in the scramble, told the ANSA news agency.

Another French passenger, Jeanne Marie de Champs, said that faced with the chaotic scene at the lifeboats, she decided to take her chances swimming to shore.

"I was afraid I wouldn't make the shore, but then I saw we were close enough, I felt calmer," she told Sky News 24.

Coast Guard diver Majko Aidone, interviewed by Sky TG24 TV after his dive, explained that the first task after gaining access to a submerged space, is to tie down large floating objects, like mattresses, which could turn into dangerous obstacles.

Then, in hopes of alerting any survivors to their presence, "we make noise," he said.

Crews in dinghies climbed on board the exposed hull of the ship and touched it, near the site of the 160-foot-long (50-meter-long) gash where water flooded in and caused the ship to topple on its side.

Earlier Sunday, at a Mass held in Giglio's main church, which opened its doors to the evacuees Friday night, altar boys and girls brought up a life vest, a rope, a rescue helmet, a plastic tarp and some bread.

Don Lorenzo, the parish priest, told the faithful that he wanted to make this admittedly "different" offering to God as a memory of the tragedy.

"Our community, our island will never be the same," he said.

___

Malin Rising in Stockholm, Sarah DiLorenzo in Paris and Victor L. Simpson and Frances D'Emilio in Rome contributed.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-01-15-EU-Italy-Cruise-Aground/id-d79f399076d94797ad5e0be6bbdc63a5

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Australian survives terrifying fall after bungee snaps (Reuters)

SYDNEY (Reuters) ? An Australian woman has survived a terrifying fall after her bungee cord snapped during a 111-metre (364-feet) leap off Africa's Victoria Falls Bridge, plunging her into the crocodile-infested Zambezi River below.

Erin Langworthy, who suffered only cuts and bruises in the fall on New Year's Eve, according to the Sydney Morning Herald, said it was a "miracle" that she had survived the plunge into the rapids below the bridge, which borders Zambia and Zimbabwe.

"It felt like I had been slapped all over," the 22-year-old from Perth told Australia's Channel Nine television.

Video footage showed the moment towards the end of the fall that the cord snapped and hurled her into the river.

Langworthy had to dive under the water to unravel the rope bound around her feet as she entered the rapids.

"I actually had to swim down and yank the bungee cord out of whatever it was caught on to make it to the surface," she said.

After unbinding her feet she managed to swim to the river bank on the Zimbabwe side to await assistance.

"Yes, I think it's definitely a miracle that I survived," she said.

Langworthy was treated at a nearby clinic before being evacuated to South Africa.

A Zambian minister sought to reassure tourists about bungee safety but said the issue would be discussed with the operator.

"The bungee has proven to be a very viable operation considering that more than 50,000 tourists jump on it every year. It has been in operation for 10 years.

This is the first time I am hearing of an incident. The probability of an incident is one in 500,000 jumps," Information Minister Given Lubinda was quoted as saying in a report published on the Lusakatimes.com web site.

(Reporting by Pauline Askin; Editing by Ed Davies)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/oddlyenough/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20120109/od_nm/us_australia_bungee

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Romney raps Obama in SC; GOP rivals pile on in NH (AP)

CONWAY, S.C. ? Looking beyond an expected win in New Hampshire, Republican presidential hopeful Mitt Romney reached out to South Carolina voters Friday with a two-track argument that President Barack Obama has mishandled the economy and devised an "inexcusable, unthinkable" plan to shrink the U.S. military. His GOP rivals kept up an anti-Romney drumbeat in New Hampshire, hoping to chip away at his support and slow his momentum.

The Republicans' 2008 nominee, Arizona Sen. John McCain, teamed up with Romney in South Carolina and invested huge importance in the state's verdict.

"If Mitt Romney wins here, he will be the next president of the United States," McCain told the crowd at a century-old peanut warehouse near Myrtle Beach, where the two campaigned with South Carolina Gov. Nikki Haley.

A new poll showed Romney gaining significant ground in the state. The TIME/CNN/ORC poll had Romney leading with 37 percent support, a 17-point gain since early December. Former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santorum was at 19 percent, a 15-point surge, and was nearly tied with former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, who had plummeted from 43 percent support in early December

Romney kept up his criticism of Obama as a jobs killer but didn't get much message reinforcement from the government on Friday: The Labor Department reported that employers added a net 200,000 jobs last month and that the unemployment rate fell to 8.5 percent, the fourth straight monthly drop.

Romney said the report contains some good news, but that America still "deserves better." "Thirty-five consecutive months of unemployment above 8 percent is no cause for celebration," he said in a written statement.

Santorum, campaigning in New Hampshire, said the uptick had come "despite the president's jobs policy," and he managed to claim credit for Republicans. Santorum suggested the boost was tied to voters' optimism that a Republican would win the White House.

Gingrich, for his part, dismissed the job gains as inadequate, saying there are still 1.7 million fewer Americans going to work than when Obama was

"I think the president's program is slowing down the recovery, rather than accelerating it," he said.

Obama savored the positive economic news, calling it "real progress." And he took care of some campaign business by going out to lunch with four Americans who won a contest that lets small-dollar donors nosh with the president.

Romney's GOP rivals are working overtime to cast him as too timid and too moderate: They're urging Republicans to do themselves a favor and nominate a more conservative standard-bearer offering a sharper contrast to Obama.

"The only way Republicans lose is if we screw this up and nominate another moderate who has taken multiple positions on every major issue of our time," Santorum told supporters in a fundraising appeal Friday.

Gingrich argued on morning TV news shows that Romney can't win the nomination and said that even if he did, his performance against Obama in the general election campaign debates would simply draw a laugh from the president.

The former House speaker, speaking on ABC's "Good Morning America," predicted that Romney would win New Hampshire but that one of the former Massachusetts governor's GOP rivals "will eventually emerge as the conservative alternative and will beat Romney."

Romney is heavily favored to win Tuesday's New Hampshire primary, so much so that he can afford to focus on South Carolina, where voters aren't due to cast primary ballots for another two weeks. While the new poll put Romney out front in South Carolina, 49 percent of respondents said they still might change their minds. The survey had a margin of error of 4.5 percentage points.

McCain told voters there that Romney could effectively clinch the GOP nomination with a South Carolina win on Jan. 21.

"It's going to come down, as it always does, to South Carolina," he said.

The Arizona senator hammered at Gingrich and Santorum for backing government spending on legislators' special projects, known as "earmarks," when they were in Congress, telling voters, "My friends, earmarks are the gateway to corruption."

Santorum, who faced tough questioning from voters throughout the day about his policies, countered that it "just absurd" to characterize him as an irresponsible spender just because he supported earmarks.

"This is John McCain trying to put his imprimatur on the Republican, conservative movement," Santorum said, adding that McCain had failed to lead on overhauling Social Security, Medicare and other government programs.

Romney kept his focus on Obama, telling his audience in Conway that the president's proposal to reduce the military and focus more on Asia was "inexcusable, unthinkable and it must be reversed."

His allies were fully engaged in the tussle over which GOP candidate is the true conservative. Romney showcased the endorsement of conservative leader Bay Buchanan, whose brother Pat won the New Hampshire primary in 1996. Bay Buchanan cast Romney as a "real conservative" who could get things done.

Restore Our Future, the pro-Romney super PAC that unloaded a barrage of negative TV ads on Gingrich in Iowa, planned to go after him again ? this time in print. The group announced it had purchased full-page newspaper ads in New Hampshire and South Carolina tying the former House speaker to Obama.

"On issue after issue, Newt Gingrich and Barack Obama have so much in common, the right choice is to choose neither," the ad said, ticking through issues including Gingrich's support for the federal bank bailout and favoring "amnesty" for illegal immigrants

Jon Huntsman, who bypassed Iowa to bet his campaign on a good finish in New Hampshire, was showing off an endorsement by The Boston Globe, Romney's hometown paper. It was the second time Massachusetts' largest newspaper had snubbed Romney ahead of the New Hampshire primary.

Campaigning in Concord, N.H, Huntsman was asked by an audience member whether the other candidates have "clawed their way to the right," leaving him as the centrist in the race. Huntsman didn't accept the label but called himself a realist instead.

"We have to draw from ideas that are doable and not so outlandishly stupid that they create a lot of political infighting and finger-pointing and never, ever in 1000 years are going to get done," he said.

Also vying to emerge as Romney's chief rival were Texas Rep. Ron Paul and Texas Gov. Rick Perry.

Perry, who finished fifth in Iowa, released a biographical ad in South Carolina that spokesman Ray Sullivan said shows his "perfect-for-South-Carolina status" as a conservative man of faith and a veteran.

Paul, who placed third in Iowa, was arriving in New Hampshire on Friday, in time to participate in a pair of weekend debates.

___

Peoples reported from New Hampshire. Associated Press writers Brian Bakst in St. Paul, Minn.; Philip Elliott, Shannon McCaffrey and Holly Ramer in New Hampshire; Jim Davenport in Columbia, S.C.; Beth Fouhy in New York; and David Espo in Washington contributed to this report.

.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/politics/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120106/ap_on_el_pr/us_gop_campaign

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the parenthetical mention that the Fire "quickly grabbed the number-two spot in the tablet market" demonstrates that the writer is focusi...

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Cancer drugs help the hardest cases of Pompe disease

To date there has been no success in eliminating or suppressing this immune response.

Now research led by Duke University Medical Center, with collaborators at other centers, has resulted in successful enzyme replacement therapy for children who were predicted to have or who had the immune reaction blocking the effects of the enzyme therapy. In the past, children with this immune response died despite treatment.

In an article appearing in Genetics in Medicine, the researchers showed that a very low-dose combination of medicines typically used to treat cancer was successful in eliminating or preventing the immune response.

The drugs were rituximab, methotrexate and gammaglobulins ? a mix of chemotherapeutic drugs and drugs to support the immune system. These drugs were the right mix for children who had Pompe, and who were most likely weren't going to benefit from the enzyme treatment because of their anti-GAA immune response.

"The goal is to get the new combination therapy to the child who is at risk of rejecting the enzyme, before or at the time the enzyme (recombinant human GAA (rhGAA), known as Myozyme) is infused," said senior author Priya Kishnani, M.D., professor of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics at Duke. "If you can get this combination to people early, before they are infused with the enzyme, they will likely have a very good response to the enzyme treatment. Once the body has been exposed to the enzyme treatment, the babies at risk are likely to mount an immune response that blocks the effectiveness of the infused enzyme."

The group at Duke earlier showed the role of the immune response in children with Pompe disease. Once this response occurred, children who were previously doing well failed to benefit from treatment and died.

The researchers in the current study, spread out in centers at Children's Hospitals & Clinics of Minnesota, Medical College of Wisconsin/Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Sorka Medical Center in Israel and the Evelina Children's Hospital in London, worked together to treat the at-risk babies with the chemotherapy medicines at the time enzyme treatment started or shortly thereafter.

The team at Duke used genetic sequencing to identify the children at risk of enzyme-treatment failure. The experience of the Duke group allowed for identification of these cases early.

Senior author Kishnani said the stakes of failure are very high. "Until now, children with Pompe who make antibodies to the enzyme treatment die or are placed on invasive ventilation by age 27 months," she said. "It is very difficult for families, because some children who initially showed a benefit and were able to walk then started failing once the immune response occurred. It is heartbreaking to watch, not only for family members, but also for the team that cares for the children."

The study examined four children, two who had Pompe and had never been treated and two who were treated, but were failing.

"We have made a difference in the lives of four patients at medical centers around the world," Kishnani said. "All of them have achieved new motor abilities, in distinct contrast with the relentless downhill course of patients who were unable to tolerate the enzyme therapy and would otherwise have died." Some of these children have now been doing well for a number of years, Kishnani said.

Provided by Duke University Medical Center (news : web)

Source: http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-cancer-drugs-hardest-cases-pompe.html

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Breaking down the wild cards

The strengths, weaknesses, X-factors and keys to winning

Wesley Hitt / Getty Images

Can?Drew Brees pick apart the Lions' defense? Or will Detroit be able to pressure him into some mistakes?

ANALYSIS

updated 4:16 p.m. ET Jan. 4, 2012

Evan Silva

There's no shortage of storylines for the first batch of NFL playoff games, but let's go inside the matchups and explore the crucial areas for each team.

Here's breakdown of the wild-card games on Saturday and Sunday, which focuses on each team's strengths, weaknesses, X-factors and the keys to winnning.

For those who crave even more inside analysis, check out these signature plays teams will be using.

Cincinnati Bengals at Houston Texans
When: Saturday 4:30 p.m. on NBC

Bengals must: Limit Houston's run game.

This, obviously, is easier said than done. The Texans finished second in the league in regular-season rushing offense as one of just two teams to produce two backs who gained at least 900 yards. Change-of-pace runner Ben Tate is the thunder to feature back Arian Foster's lightning, displaying aggressive, punishing power and surprising speed en route to a 5.4 yards-per-carry average.

Foster is the home-run hitter, ranking fifth in the NFL in rushing despite missing three games. Exceptionally versatile, Foster also ranked third among running backs in receiving yards. With rookie T.J. Yates at quarterback, Tate and Foster are the Texans' offensive foundation. If the Bengals take that away, they'll stay competitive throughout.

Texans must: Make Andy Dalton beat them -- without A.J. Green.

After an impressive start to the year, Dalton faded as defenses figured him out. Whereas the rookie completed 61.5 percent of his passes with a 12:7 touchdown-to-turnover ratio in Cincinnati's first nine games, Dalton's completion rate fell to 54.8 percent with eight TDs and eight turnovers in his final seven outings.

The Texans are equipped to check Green with top cornerback Johnathan Joseph, who routinely shadows opposing top receivers. When the Bengals and Texans met in Week 14, "J-Jo" held Green under 60 yards, and Green got most of them on a 50-50 third-quarter jumpball for a gain of 36. Houston's defense ranks third against the pass, so this will be a difficult matchup for Dalton.

X-Factor: Texans No. 2 tailback Ben Tate.

In these teams' aforementioned Week 14 meeting, the Bengals held Foster in check (41 yards, 15 carries) but were burned by his "backup" Tate for 97 total yards on 11 touches, including an explosive 44-yard first-quarter burst to set up an early field goal. Houston's game plan entering most weeks is typically to get Foster 20 carries and Tate 10, though the latter may pose more matchup problems for Cincinnati's quick but relatively smallish front seven.

Yates separated his left shoulder in Week 17, so the Texans will likely make an effort to limit his number of pass drops. This could lead to more opportunities for Tate off the bench.

Prediction: Texans 23, Bengals 16

Detroit Lions at New Orleans Saints
When: Saturday, 8 p.m. on NBC

Lions must: Establish their running game early and stay with it.

Scott Linehan's Lions offense was the most lopsided in football this season, leading the league in pass attempts, but ranking 31st in runs. That needs to change. The Saints' primary weakness is run defense after opponents averaged nearly five yards per regular-season carry against Gregg Williams' unit. Williams blitzes more than any defensive coordinator in the NFL, often resulting in over-pursuit by linebackers and safeties.

As well as being a way to create ball movement, running the ball consistently and successfully would be an effective means to keep Drew Brees off the field. In all likelihood, Brees is going to win any pass-happy shootout.

Saints must: Keep Calvin Johnson in check.

The Saints executed a take-Megatron-away defensive approach in their Week 13 matchup with these same Lions, double- and triple-teaming Johnson and holding him under 70 yards. Williams used cornerbacks in press coverage with safeties over the top and linebackers in a "cut" technique, jumping in the way of Johnson's slant routes. Detroit's other pass catchers, such as Brandon Pettigrew and Nate Burleson, are largely possession threats with limited playmaking skills. Johnson can single-handedly dominate a game.

X-Factor: Lions tailback Kevin Smith.

In addition to Williams' constant blitzing, the Saints' run defense has suffered due to middle linebacker Jonathan Vilma's decline. Battling chronic knee problems in his eighth season, Vilma no longer possesses sideline-to-sideline range and was never an elite run stuffer. The Vilma liability is especially problematic because the Saints insist on using him as an every-down linebacker, playing on all base downs and in nickel and dime packages.

In Vilma's 11 starts this season, New Orleans has allowed 1,170 yards and nine touchdowns on 228 carries (5.13 YPC). In backup Jo-Lonn Dunbar's five starts inside, the numbers allowed fall to a more passable 568 yards on 123 rushing attempts (4.62 YPC) and only two scores. The Lions can best attack this weakness by running Smith directly at Vilma.

Prediction: Lions 37, Saints 34

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More newsWesley Hitt / Getty Images

Breaking down the wild cards

Silva: Taking stock of the NFL wild-card games this weekend, which focuses on each team's strengths, weaknesses, X-factors and the keys to winnning.

PFT Live: Can Lions keep up with the Saints?

??PFT Live: Mike Florio and Gregg Rosenthal break down the Wild Card matchup between the Lions and the Saints. If the Lions hope to match the Saints' explosive offense, Matthew Stafford will have to force the ball to Calvin Johnson.

Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/45874708/ns/sports-nfl/

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Sony's Android Tablet Just Got $100 Cheaper [Android Tablets]

Sony's weird-looking?but pretty good!?Tablet S has only been out for four months, and Sony's already slashing the price by $100. It seems Sony, like other manufactures, was a tad optimistic on what people are willing to pay for an Android tablet.

That Sony was quick to recognize that is good news for you; if you're in the market for an Android tablet you could do a lot worse than the Tablet S at this price point.. Head over to Sony right now and you can pick up the 16GB version of the 9.4" tablet for $399. The 32GB version now costs $499. [Sony via Maximum PC]

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/excerpts/~3/BRI6ozNsu9w/sonys-android-tablet-just-got-100-cheaper

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Incandescent Lamps Will Never Be As Cute As These AnimaLamps [Lights]

There are countless reasons to upgrade the incandescent bulbs in your home to fluorescents or LEDs, but none more compelling than these adorable AnimaLamps. Saving the planet by reading with an improperly proportioned giraffe? I'm sold! More »

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/RwLFGflzzYo/incandescent-lamps-will-never-be-as-cute-as-these-animalamps

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